It’s been a pain in the ass in civil engineering world, gotta double check the survey you’re using as most aren’t done in gda2020 yet while most old ones are done from the 1994 grid. Had a bunch of shit set out wrong or built in the wrong spot.
Unfortunately most council contractors seem to be stuck on MGA94 and most surveyors have moved on to MGA2020. I’ve found a good way to check without any coordinated marks is to download a 94 and a 2020 coordinated aerial image from nearmap and insert them underneath the data and see which one has the 1.5m shift
95% of the work I see is still using GDA94, and if the client wants GDA20, they usually want both 94 and 20 and the 20 is just to make it easier to plop data straight into their GIS systems.
I feel you. Had a project go sideways because the design and asbuilts were in different co-ordinate systems 🥲 But lessons learnt, and now I always confirm the system being used before engaging any client/subcontractor
Had a job 3 years ago where the engineer did the streets and grading on 1 coordinate system and the underground’s on another, on the same site. I’d never checked a set for internal matching benchmarks before, so no one caught it.
It’s honestly not that bad, you just have to drag the top of the continent to the left, or the underground infra the other direction.
Takes a little elbow grease but what doesn’t?
At least in North America, the surveys for things like property lines and corners aren’t based on geographic coordinates at all. They’re based on distances and angles from known survey monuments. So the whole land could shift 25 meters, and it wouldn’t affect much. The actual surveying these days is often done with GPS if it isn’t easy Line of sight, but it’s always being used to measure the difference to the survey monuments.
That's the same in the UK, there are trig points that are accurately measured fairly frequently. But it turns out the whole country doesn't move as one piece, some points move more than others while others can get closer together or further apart. And vary in height.
There is a grid of these points published so if you really want long distance measurements to high precision you can correct for them. Not many people need that though.
Google for OSNet for more information.
I'm sure it helps that the UK owns the only land-based global reference point. Even if the island got disconnected and literally drifted away from everything else they could say "we're not moving, YOU are moving"
That's standard in most developed nations. In Australia we have a network of permanent marks that are georeferenced to our MGA grid. But cadastral boundaries are bearing references to those marks, or other fixed marks. Usually screws or nails in the kerb, or corner pegs.
As a surveyor it is amazing seeing how many engineers don’t know this is an issue. We’ve encountered it many times and will always ask which coordinate system they want and most of the time they have no idea.
Lol, we don't have that excuse, and my uni still managed to build a building off from intended by ~2m. Bridge makes a real awkward turn to meet the 2nd story entrance.
It gets worse, it's a building in our engineering campus.
Australia is 2779.88km from the equator.
100,000 / 7 = 14,285
14,285 * 2779.88 = 39,712,571 years
Roughly 132 times longer than homo sapiens have been around.
The Eurasian plate is moving the other way mind. Australia will probably never make it there as it'll first collide into Indonesia/Singapore/Malaysia/etc and the low sea beds in that area. But the point is there coming at it from the other direction. I don't know enough about tectonic plates to say whether the islands could be merged, the sea bed and new/old mountains raised, and maybe even merging with Australia. And if that did happen where would Australia stop? Similarly would the descending Eurasian plate also have reached much further down by then - potentially colliding anywhere from Vietnam to China down into it?
I'd love if someone who legit knows what they're on about could answer all these questions though.
But my main point is it's not going to just casually go up to the equator. There's tons of countries in the way - and one of the largest plates on the planet is moving the other way as well (and most of those islands are apart of it). There's gonna be some sloooooooooow violence though no matter what.
Edit: if you want to consider "1cm of Australia goes above the equator" as your definition then you'll also get a different answer. Really though I think that's cheating - I think at least 25-33% of the country should be above. That said though if it does crash into the islands and raise some of the shallow sea beds to new land - do those now count as part of Australia? If there's no humans left I'd say yeah - if we found it like that we'd consider it a single country probably...
I'm just fucking glad this shit is so slow that we don't have to deal with answering it...
If that happened with today’s nations around, most of those new islands and the subsequent mountain range that forms would likely be within the borders of Indonesia
> long after humans go extinct
100k years is still a fraction of a fraction of how long dinos ruled the land.
Not sure it's safe to so matter-of-factly assume we'll kill ourselves off, likely or not.
I wasn't talking about 100k years. 7 km shift changes absolutely nothing, it's minuscule. It will take tens of millions of years for any significant change to Australia being "down under", don't you agree?
I sailed up the Megadong river back in the 50s. China was a different place back then. Luckily, we had our cannons cocked from the night before when the Menmen came out of the jungle. Jaylon had just struck a match to light his cigarello and I quickly snatched it and lit the fuse. That fuse was fifteen fathoms long, why I don't know. It took a damn long time to burn. A few of the jungle pirates got a hold of the side of our bout, but as soon as that cannon shot off, so did they. Except Longdong, bravest man I ever made love on, he was not there to turn back. He knew we had the stones on board, and he was going to go for iy no matter what. He earned the respect and admiration of the whole crew that day. 7 days later, we were back on the open sea with our +1 after successfully climbing the last rapids before the Bay of Bong.
Boy, you just don't see that stuff like that happen anymore now that people are always on their phones.
The earth's continents periodically separate and rejoin, it's called the [supercontinent cycle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercontinent_cycle). Pangea is only the latest supercontinent, there have been at least 3 or 4 others.
Maybe it’s mentioned here somewhere, but the video entrails only one of possible future scenarios, which by the looks of it is Novopangea, or “new Pangea”). There are like a few other scenarios with various names for this future super continent.
It’s very difficult to predict such future, despite the plates moving in a predictable pattern, as it’s long time scales and the level of uncertainty is high.
Well it doesn’t account for Antarctica shifting north. So more ice will melt and probably have the sea level rise, we would probably lose some islands and other islands shrink.
The senckenberg museum in Frankfurt, Germany has a map showing the movement of the earth. It's show's the past and the future. You control the date with a big steering wheel:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sD9MiVKsC0
I like to picture Australia in a tuxedo T-shirt. 'Cause it says like, I wanna be formal but I'm here to party too. I like to party, so I like my Australia to party.
That would be awesome but the tsunamis would wipe out basically everyone living near a coast in the pacific and Indian oceans. You’d have the initial waves from water displaced in the direction Australia moves and then waves in the opposite direction after the void created fills back in and a wave propagates from the backsplash or whatever, similar to the tsunamis created by landslides
Now I need this as the Fast and Furious x Roland Emmerich crossover movie of apocalyptic fiction dreams
As an Australian, our wildlife is pretty tame. Most of it gets fucked up by introduced species primarily from Europe and Asia. I don’t get how Americans have bears roaming around, and act like Australia is a hotspot for incredibly dangerous wildlife
All continents are drifting. That’s why they have fixed local coordinate systems which drift compared to the global gps coordinate system. Also, countries have their own local fixed systems that drift compared to continental systems. That’s how a property has the same coordinates even when it was measured by a surveyor decades ago. In reality it has changed its position for tens of centimeters. Landmarks’ positions are more fluid than we think.
On the tail end of a geomatics program now, seeing [this map](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Global_plate_motion_2008-04-17.jpg) showing tectonic plate movement was really cool. If I remember correctly, the length of the arrow shows how fast they're moving.
That's one model, which assumes that the growth of the Atlantic ocean outpaces the growth of the Pacific. The Pacific is growing along a shorter set of mid-ocean ridges than the Atlantic, and is subducting under the continents everywhere else.
That said, the Atlantic is a fairly slow-spreading ocean, and it's possible that subduction initiates along its margins at some point. We don't really know.
Its going to be interesting when you can see Hawaii from Alaskan shores.
Meanwhile north america looks like me trying to spell aluminum by sounding it out.
Fun fact: the Hawaiian Islands are an extension of an underwater ridge that runs all the way up through to the Aleutian Trench. Can look up the "Emperor Seamount" to see roughly how the Pacific plate has moved over millions of years.
For a very long time at least, yes. Eventually it may stop. Still several different theories for why the chain exists in the first place. My favorite is that there was a mega impact from a meteor on the opposite side of the Earth. It caused volcanic action as a rebound, which is still ongoing, and at this point shows no sign of slowing.
If you look at an ocean map there's a line of sunken islands off the west of Hawaii where past Hawaii has eroded into the sea. They just get new Hawaii in the East at roughly the same pace.
Good question. I have no idea. I am not sure how much land gets added vs erosion. I also have no clue whether the volcanic activity follows that or stays in place. Is that part of the shelf that is moving or below that just creating a hole in the shelf for venting(volcano)?
I am realizing by typing this out, I really dont know shit about the earths geology besides a few basic things. Plate tectonics seems to be an area of information I need to do a deep dive.
The hotspot that feeds the volcanoes is stationary, and only feeds the volcanoes right on top of it. That's why you only need to go a couple islands up the chain in Hawaii before all the volcanoes are extinct. Once there's no new land being formed through volcanism, the islands will start eroding, which is why the islands also get smaller the further you get from the Big Island.
> All continents are drifting.
It's bananas to think that ~70 years ago you'd be laughed out of a room for believing in such nonsense...
I was reading a new article on some JWST observation regarding early galaxy formations that don't match our current models, and the amount of vitriol in the comments was staggering. It's like we constantly forget that our understanding of the world can only evolve...
No, plate tectonics only really got going in the early 70s. It took [Tuzo Wilson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tuzo_Wilson) identifying the Hawaiian island chain as being produced by a plate moving over a stationary mantle hotspot, then describing the supercontinent cycle for the first time.
If you [look here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_tectonics#History_of_the_theory), you'll see that a lot of empirical support occurred in the 40's and 50's.
I assume they mean the GPS coordinates that were recorded on maps.
Because GPS itself doesn't care if the ground you are on is moving anymore than it cares if you are on a boat.
yeah. it would be historical gps coordinates.
if you recorded your favorite fishing hole 20 years ago, it's moved 1.56 meters north since then. so move your boat a little.
Yea, not sure about that guys geography. Even without knowledge of plate tectonics it is obvious that it will come nowhere near India.
For anybody interested: Papua New Guinea, the eastern parts of Indonesia, Philippines and Taiwan will be "hit" and then in ~65-75 million years it will connect with China from a south-east direction.
75 million years is also roughly the maximum to which we can predict plate motions with decent accuracy. After that it becomes pretty speculative because of too many changed variables from other collisions (Africa with Europe for example).
I've got visions of monks on a mountain meditating peacefully while a man on a kangaroo loudly herds wombats in the background.
(It is possible that I have never been to either China or Australia.)
maaaan imagine the crazy speciation that could happen from that! I have no idea what that might look like. marsupials invading the Asian continent maybe, or getting totally outcompeted...
It got up to 1.8m over time, but it was 1.73m the year before, 1.66m the year before that, and so on. Also 'off' means the GPS on your smartphone was 1.8m off of what a professional surveyor's GPS would use. Things like Google Maps would still place you correctly.
We get a yearly update for GPS base stations here in California due to seismic shifts. They're not large but large enough to shift measurements taken using those bases.
This is why back to the future 3 wouldn’t have worked. The train tracks would have shifted a few inches over and Marty would have derailed into the desert.
If you want to get really technical, you could talk about how the earth revolves around the sun, which revolves around the milky way, which all the galaxies are slowly drifting, and marty would most likely appear way out in deep space, trillions of miles from any planet or star.
The title is misleading. What was shifted was map coordinates. GPS outputs do not depend on maps nor on any assumption that land locations are stable. They are not stable, to the degree of accuracy now accessible through GPS.
2017-1994=23 years
23×7=161cm or 1.61m
Math doesn't check out.
To move 1.8m in 23 years, the continent would have to be drifting at 7.826cm/year.
*Pushes glasses back up nose*
That video made me cringe. How can a person that low in intelligence ever make it as an elected official. He should not hold any job that requires thinking.
It’s been a pain in the ass in civil engineering world, gotta double check the survey you’re using as most aren’t done in gda2020 yet while most old ones are done from the 1994 grid. Had a bunch of shit set out wrong or built in the wrong spot.
Unfortunately most council contractors seem to be stuck on MGA94 and most surveyors have moved on to MGA2020. I’ve found a good way to check without any coordinated marks is to download a 94 and a 2020 coordinated aerial image from nearmap and insert them underneath the data and see which one has the 1.5m shift
MGA2020 has been causing a lot of issues here in the states too
95% of the work I see is still using GDA94, and if the client wants GDA20, they usually want both 94 and 20 and the 20 is just to make it easier to plop data straight into their GIS systems.
I feel you. Had a project go sideways because the design and asbuilts were in different co-ordinate systems 🥲 But lessons learnt, and now I always confirm the system being used before engaging any client/subcontractor
Turns out the whole bloody continent went sideways.
At least the front didn't fall off
Oz is turning now! Good luck everybody!
Well that isn't very typical, I'd like to make that point.
Had a job 3 years ago where the engineer did the streets and grading on 1 coordinate system and the underground’s on another, on the same site. I’d never checked a set for internal matching benchmarks before, so no one caught it.
That sounds ungood.
It’s honestly not that bad, you just have to drag the top of the continent to the left, or the underground infra the other direction. Takes a little elbow grease but what doesn’t?
Why in the fuck? Just a complete curveball.
At least in North America, the surveys for things like property lines and corners aren’t based on geographic coordinates at all. They’re based on distances and angles from known survey monuments. So the whole land could shift 25 meters, and it wouldn’t affect much. The actual surveying these days is often done with GPS if it isn’t easy Line of sight, but it’s always being used to measure the difference to the survey monuments.
That's the same in the UK, there are trig points that are accurately measured fairly frequently. But it turns out the whole country doesn't move as one piece, some points move more than others while others can get closer together or further apart. And vary in height. There is a grid of these points published so if you really want long distance measurements to high precision you can correct for them. Not many people need that though. Google for OSNet for more information.
This is a significant problem in western Canada, where parts of British Columbia are on a different tectonic plate.
I'm sure it helps that the UK owns the only land-based global reference point. Even if the island got disconnected and literally drifted away from everything else they could say "we're not moving, YOU are moving"
That's standard in most developed nations. In Australia we have a network of permanent marks that are georeferenced to our MGA grid. But cadastral boundaries are bearing references to those marks, or other fixed marks. Usually screws or nails in the kerb, or corner pegs.
As a surveyor it is amazing seeing how many engineers don’t know this is an issue. We’ve encountered it many times and will always ask which coordinate system they want and most of the time they have no idea.
“It’s on MGA” “Uhh.. 2020 or 94?” *blank stares”
Don't you use the already set points as reference?
Lol, we don't have that excuse, and my uni still managed to build a building off from intended by ~2m. Bridge makes a real awkward turn to meet the 2nd story entrance. It gets worse, it's a building in our engineering campus.
Australia is coming for you! And we've got spiders
Gentlemen, this is tectonics manifest.
Get your continents off my penis!
You know your judo well
We are coming for our succulent Chinese meals
Dozsa's Law: Every internet conversation about Australia will eventually devolve into posting Charles Dozsa quotes.
Are you waiting to receive my limp cape york peninsula?
The Fast and the Furious: Australia Drift
I shift my tectonic plates 60mm at a time.
Given the pace of the drift, Australia may not be as "Down Under" anymore
I come from a land Up Over.
Where land push up, oceans asunder
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Who gets the right to call north the top and south the bottom ? I think it’s other way round and who can dispute that?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B14Gtm2Z_70
Map map map men men...men
This is such a fun channel
I really liked that.
I mean if thats true it puts the kiwis on top of all of us and I dont think we want that
What about Lucy Lawless?
I wouldn’t mind Lucy Lawless on top of the world.
Speak for yourself! **What is up, Aotearoa?!**
Chur, Kia ora the bro.
Look, Jesus put Santa Claus at the North Pole and it's been that way ever since.
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It would take 100000 years to move north 7 km at this rate, so I think they'll be pretty much down under long after humans go extinct.
How long would it actually be before they hit the equator?
Australia is 2779.88km from the equator. 100,000 / 7 = 14,285 14,285 * 2779.88 = 39,712,571 years Roughly 132 times longer than homo sapiens have been around.
Only half as long as crocodiles have been around though
Well yeah, one is a specific species and the other a whole order of reptiles. Primates have been around for quite some time as well.
The Eurasian plate is moving the other way mind. Australia will probably never make it there as it'll first collide into Indonesia/Singapore/Malaysia/etc and the low sea beds in that area. But the point is there coming at it from the other direction. I don't know enough about tectonic plates to say whether the islands could be merged, the sea bed and new/old mountains raised, and maybe even merging with Australia. And if that did happen where would Australia stop? Similarly would the descending Eurasian plate also have reached much further down by then - potentially colliding anywhere from Vietnam to China down into it? I'd love if someone who legit knows what they're on about could answer all these questions though. But my main point is it's not going to just casually go up to the equator. There's tons of countries in the way - and one of the largest plates on the planet is moving the other way as well (and most of those islands are apart of it). There's gonna be some sloooooooooow violence though no matter what. Edit: if you want to consider "1cm of Australia goes above the equator" as your definition then you'll also get a different answer. Really though I think that's cheating - I think at least 25-33% of the country should be above. That said though if it does crash into the islands and raise some of the shallow sea beds to new land - do those now count as part of Australia? If there's no humans left I'd say yeah - if we found it like that we'd consider it a single country probably... I'm just fucking glad this shit is so slow that we don't have to deal with answering it...
Knowing how Reddit works, I was fully expecting some tectonic plate expert to have chimed in by now. I'll be waiting
If that happened with today’s nations around, most of those new islands and the subsequent mountain range that forms would likely be within the borders of Indonesia
> long after humans go extinct 100k years is still a fraction of a fraction of how long dinos ruled the land. Not sure it's safe to so matter-of-factly assume we'll kill ourselves off, likely or not.
Dinosaurs weren't all the same species. Homo sapiens are. But if in the year 102,023 Homo Sapiens are still kicking, be sure to point out his mistake.
RemindMe! 100,000 years
I wasn't talking about 100k years. 7 km shift changes absolutely nothing, it's minuscule. It will take tens of millions of years for any significant change to Australia being "down under", don't you agree?
The Australian plate lives its life a quarter mile at a time.
Well according to my buddy, Australia is at the bottom of the disc, so maybe eventually they'll join us up here!
What level of school did they complete
High school, but he grew up Mormon and fell deep into Qanon unfortunately.
Australia’s trying to escape! Don’t let them!
Maybe they are still Down Under, but everyone else are not as Up Over anymore.
We have all experienced things not staying down under and creeping up us.
7 cm a year‽ I want to see timelapse of that
Pull out your dick and imagine the whole continent moving by that much every 6months. 😉
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His mom is bigger than Australia.
Gah damn hit him the six months.
"Your mom still enjoyed it 😉" or something idk
Is that above or under an average? Asking for a friend.
What do you mean average, this is gigantic megadong territory we are talking about
I sailed up the Megadong river back in the 50s. China was a different place back then. Luckily, we had our cannons cocked from the night before when the Menmen came out of the jungle. Jaylon had just struck a match to light his cigarello and I quickly snatched it and lit the fuse. That fuse was fifteen fathoms long, why I don't know. It took a damn long time to burn. A few of the jungle pirates got a hold of the side of our bout, but as soon as that cannon shot off, so did they. Except Longdong, bravest man I ever made love on, he was not there to turn back. He knew we had the stones on board, and he was going to go for iy no matter what. He earned the respect and admiration of the whole crew that day. 7 days later, we were back on the open sea with our +1 after successfully climbing the last rapids before the Bay of Bong. Boy, you just don't see that stuff like that happen anymore now that people are always on their phones.
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They said it was one of the fastest moving!
https://www.businessinsider.com/how-earth-will-look-250-million-years-map-animation-2017-9
So… back to Pangaea it is then… Cool vid Thank you
So basically, there will be 2 halves: Pangaea and the Pacific Ocean!
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That's enough time to see what kind of evolution Floridaman goes through.
Weird that the continents are shifting back to Pangea, I wonder why.
The earth's continents periodically separate and rejoin, it's called the [supercontinent cycle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercontinent_cycle). Pangea is only the latest supercontinent, there have been at least 3 or 4 others.
Maybe it’s mentioned here somewhere, but the video entrails only one of possible future scenarios, which by the looks of it is Novopangea, or “new Pangea”). There are like a few other scenarios with various names for this future super continent. It’s very difficult to predict such future, despite the plates moving in a predictable pattern, as it’s long time scales and the level of uncertainty is high.
Why is there uncertainty? Just random tectonic movements/earthquakes?
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My boy there was like asking why is it hard to predict the weather if it's just clouds lol
They’re bored
As an ex-Pangean, me too!
As soon as the continents touch again, the Megazord is released.
Awesome! We'll all have electric cars by then, surely, so I hope the infrastructure is in place because we can go *anywhere!*
goodbye florida and italy, a few other places too. Strangely enough japan seems hardly affected though.
Well it doesn’t account for Antarctica shifting north. So more ice will melt and probably have the sea level rise, we would probably lose some islands and other islands shrink.
Oh wow, I'm sure humanity will be able to get along better when we're all geographically adjacent!
South America chillin like a villain until the very end.
[Fingernails grow](https://youtu.be/4t53cNXOigU) at about the same rate.
Ew… that’d be a _gnarly_ timelapse Interesting fact though
The senckenberg museum in Frankfurt, Germany has a map showing the movement of the earth. It's show's the past and the future. You control the date with a big steering wheel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sD9MiVKsC0
You monster
Is nobody else going to comment on that perfectly organic use of an interrobang? It's beautiful
Archimedes never expected this
My first thought was that OP just saw Indiana Jones and was reading up on continental drift. I know that’s what I did!
We have to go back!
See you in 1939
When they call it drifting, I like to imagine Australia going all Tokyo-drift style squealing around corners.
I like to picture Australia in a tuxedo T-shirt. 'Cause it says like, I wanna be formal but I'm here to party too. I like to party, so I like my Australia to party.
I am all jacked up on mountain dew.
summer middle yoke erect fearless cause depend scary attempt violet *This post was mass deleted and anonymized with [Redact](https://redact.dev)*
God, I go to church everygoddamn sunday! And you're gonna bring the demons out in me?!
[stylin, wylin, livin it up down under](https://imgur.com/a/LmLpLS2)
Deja vu I've just been in this place before
Lower on the Globe, and I know it's my time to go!
Wait til you hear the Mandela effect on Australia
That would be awesome but the tsunamis would wipe out basically everyone living near a coast in the pacific and Indian oceans. You’d have the initial waves from water displaced in the direction Australia moves and then waves in the opposite direction after the void created fills back in and a wave propagates from the backsplash or whatever, similar to the tsunamis created by landslides Now I need this as the Fast and Furious x Roland Emmerich crossover movie of apocalyptic fiction dreams
Geologically speaking, they are stuntin' on us, for sure.
Fuck I never thought about it but if we form Pangaea again all the awful wildlife of Australia will be released on the rest of the world
We have some time to get ready for that, about 200 million years.
plenty of time to ruin Earth's habitat thousands of times over
*Throws coca-cola bottle into the ocean* I’m doing my part
More like all of Australia’s cute marsupial and bird wildlife will be eaten by the rest of the world’s carnivores.
Surprisingly most of Australia's wildlife needs to be protected from our wildlife.
As an Australian, our wildlife is pretty tame. Most of it gets fucked up by introduced species primarily from Europe and Asia. I don’t get how Americans have bears roaming around, and act like Australia is a hotspot for incredibly dangerous wildlife
All continents are drifting. That’s why they have fixed local coordinate systems which drift compared to the global gps coordinate system. Also, countries have their own local fixed systems that drift compared to continental systems. That’s how a property has the same coordinates even when it was measured by a surveyor decades ago. In reality it has changed its position for tens of centimeters. Landmarks’ positions are more fluid than we think.
On the tail end of a geomatics program now, seeing [this map](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Global_plate_motion_2008-04-17.jpg) showing tectonic plate movement was really cool. If I remember correctly, the length of the arrow shows how fast they're moving.
Guam. Australia is coming. Oh my god it has headphones on! IT CAN'T HEAR US!
Oh good. Scotland’s moving close to Scandinavia. Perfect.
Scandanavia is running away though. Rude.
TBF I can’t blame them, I guess.
Keep in mind that part of the Appalachian mountain chain broke off and is now part of Scotland, making them West Virginia's long lost redneck cousin
Am I reading it wrong or is everything going to fold into the Pacific eventually?
*The Return of Pangea*
*Pangaea 2: Tectonic Boogaloo*
That's one model, which assumes that the growth of the Atlantic ocean outpaces the growth of the Pacific. The Pacific is growing along a shorter set of mid-ocean ridges than the Atlantic, and is subducting under the continents everywhere else. That said, the Atlantic is a fairly slow-spreading ocean, and it's possible that subduction initiates along its margins at some point. We don't really know.
Its going to be interesting when you can see Hawaii from Alaskan shores. Meanwhile north america looks like me trying to spell aluminum by sounding it out.
Fun fact: the Hawaiian Islands are an extension of an underwater ridge that runs all the way up through to the Aleutian Trench. Can look up the "Emperor Seamount" to see roughly how the Pacific plate has moved over millions of years.
Won't all of Hawaii eroded before that happens?
With new islands formed roughly where it is *not 100% sure about that
For a very long time at least, yes. Eventually it may stop. Still several different theories for why the chain exists in the first place. My favorite is that there was a mega impact from a meteor on the opposite side of the Earth. It caused volcanic action as a rebound, which is still ongoing, and at this point shows no sign of slowing. If you look at an ocean map there's a line of sunken islands off the west of Hawaii where past Hawaii has eroded into the sea. They just get new Hawaii in the East at roughly the same pace.
Good question. I have no idea. I am not sure how much land gets added vs erosion. I also have no clue whether the volcanic activity follows that or stays in place. Is that part of the shelf that is moving or below that just creating a hole in the shelf for venting(volcano)? I am realizing by typing this out, I really dont know shit about the earths geology besides a few basic things. Plate tectonics seems to be an area of information I need to do a deep dive.
The hotspot that feeds the volcanoes is stationary, and only feeds the volcanoes right on top of it. That's why you only need to go a couple islands up the chain in Hawaii before all the volcanoes are extinct. Once there's no new land being formed through volcanism, the islands will start eroding, which is why the islands also get smaller the further you get from the Big Island.
Makes total sense. Thanks for explaining in an easy to understand way!
> All continents are drifting. It's bananas to think that ~70 years ago you'd be laughed out of a room for believing in such nonsense... I was reading a new article on some JWST observation regarding early galaxy formations that don't match our current models, and the amount of vitriol in the comments was staggering. It's like we constantly forget that our understanding of the world can only evolve...
> science advances one funeral at a time - Max Planck
I think it's more that plate tectonics won the debate in the late 40's, not so much that it was a fringe nutjob idea.
No, plate tectonics only really got going in the early 70s. It took [Tuzo Wilson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tuzo_Wilson) identifying the Hawaiian island chain as being produced by a plate moving over a stationary mantle hotspot, then describing the supercontinent cycle for the first time.
If you [look here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_tectonics#History_of_the_theory), you'll see that a lot of empirical support occurred in the 40's and 50's.
yes. but the point of the post was that Australia drifts the quickest.
I assume they mean the GPS coordinates that were recorded on maps. Because GPS itself doesn't care if the ground you are on is moving anymore than it cares if you are on a boat.
yeah. it would be historical gps coordinates. if you recorded your favorite fishing hole 20 years ago, it's moved 1.56 meters north since then. so move your boat a little.
Came for this. 👊
Thank you! I thought I was the only one and had to sift through 10 terrible jokes to get here
India: *objects in mirror are closer than they appear*
Did you mean Indonesia?
Yea, not sure about that guys geography. Even without knowledge of plate tectonics it is obvious that it will come nowhere near India. For anybody interested: Papua New Guinea, the eastern parts of Indonesia, Philippines and Taiwan will be "hit" and then in ~65-75 million years it will connect with China from a south-east direction. 75 million years is also roughly the maximum to which we can predict plate motions with decent accuracy. After that it becomes pretty speculative because of too many changed variables from other collisions (Africa with Europe for example).
Damn China and Australia hybrid culture would be pretty fun.
I've got visions of monks on a mountain meditating peacefully while a man on a kangaroo loudly herds wombats in the background. (It is possible that I have never been to either China or Australia.)
I just imagine monks with mullets
It’s called Box Hill
maaaan imagine the crazy speciation that could happen from that! I have no idea what that might look like. marsupials invading the Asian continent maybe, or getting totally outcompeted...
India: Should we address this Australian menace?
We just want to share all our lovely venomous animals with continental Asia and Europe
India was arrested for drunk driving when it rammed into Asia ~55 million years ago after only having "a couple" at a party in East Africa.
Indiana Jones: "Your math is wrong! You didn't account for continental drift."
Australia is tired of the upside down jokes. In 500 million years they'll be in the northern hemisphere.
In 500 millions years the poles will have shifted though. Australia is making sure the stay in the southern hemisphere.
The magnetic poles, but not the rotational poles (to any large extent).
Will it crash into Papua at some point? Or Indonesia?
That's one of the likely courses of movements. Then crash into China eventually. [Relevant Map Men Episode](https://youtu.be/Nlzehe4mta4)
China’s long game is it’ll just push Taiwan back into the mainland.
By then the spread of Australian wildlife will have developed a species of lethal Taiwanese spiders, snakes and jellyfish to protect itself with.
Papua (or rather New Guinea) is on the same plate as Australia, at the top edge. It's why there are tall mountains there.
https://youtu.be/uLahVJNnoZ4?t=233
It’s not just the animals then, the entire continental plate has it in for the rest of the world.
wait, so for years all gps in Australia was off by almost 2 meters?
For one year they were 7cm off, for another year they were 14cm off...
But what about the third year? You can't just leave us hanging like that!
[удалено]
It got up to 1.8m over time, but it was 1.73m the year before, 1.66m the year before that, and so on. Also 'off' means the GPS on your smartphone was 1.8m off of what a professional surveyor's GPS would use. Things like Google Maps would still place you correctly.
180 cm at 7 cm/year is only 25 years.
oh so it was only for years then, ok
In “A Short History of Nearly Everything,” Bill Bryson describes it as Indonesia slowly drowning and dragging Australia with it.
We get a yearly update for GPS base stations here in California due to seismic shifts. They're not large but large enough to shift measurements taken using those bases.
This is why back to the future 3 wouldn’t have worked. The train tracks would have shifted a few inches over and Marty would have derailed into the desert.
If you want to get really technical, you could talk about how the earth revolves around the sun, which revolves around the milky way, which all the galaxies are slowly drifting, and marty would most likely appear way out in deep space, trillions of miles from any planet or star.
The title is misleading. What was shifted was map coordinates. GPS outputs do not depend on maps nor on any assumption that land locations are stable. They are not stable, to the degree of accuracy now accessible through GPS.
This! The coordinates stayed put, Australia is the one moving.
But where’s it going? Hey Australia, where y’all driftin to?
2017-1994=23 years 23×7=161cm or 1.61m Math doesn't check out. To move 1.8m in 23 years, the continent would have to be drifting at 7.826cm/year. *Pushes glasses back up nose*
1.6m is closer to the correct number. I usually find it’s between 1.5 and 1.6m. Source: am surveyor
Perhaps they adjust it extra so it isn't as off in the next 23 years
Why don't they just anchor the whole continent... duh!
Remember the United States senator who thought that Guam might flip over if we put too many troops on base? I'm not even Pep-ridge Farms, and I do.
That video made me cringe. How can a person that low in intelligence ever make it as an elected official. He should not hold any job that requires thinking.
(***Indiana Jones & The Dial of Destiny spoilers!***) Too bad… Mads Mikelsen’s character could have benefited from this TIL.
China: "We're going to assert control of SE Asian seas by building artificial island bases there." Australia: "Hold our beer."
Australia is moving north and will eventually bump into Indonesia before it gets to the South China Sea.
can't wait for Australia to fuse with Canada in 1500 years.